What Is an ISBN?
An ISBN, or International Standard Book Number, is a 13-digit unique identifier assigned to every published book. It functions like a fingerprint for a book, ensuring that each one can be identified easily and accurately anywhere in the world. Whether you're buying a book online, checking it out at a library, or searching for it in a bookstore, the ISBN is what allows you to locate that specific title among millions of others.
A Brief History
The ISBN was first introduced in 1967 in the United Kingdom by W.H. Smith, a British bookseller and publisher. Initially, it was a 9-digit code but later evolved into a 10-digit system. The ISBN became an international standard in 1970. Today, we use a 13-digit ISBN, which became mandatory in 2007 to expand the range of numbers available and to align with the global EAN-13 barcode standard.
Why Is an ISBN Important?
An ISBN is essential for several reasons:
- Identification: It helps differentiate one book from another, even if they have similar titles or are by the same author. For example, different editions of the same book, such as a hardcover and paperback version, will have different ISBNs.
- Distribution: ISBNs are used globally by booksellers, libraries, online retailers, and distributors to track and manage their inventories. Without an ISBN, a book might not be easily available to buyers or might be difficult to locate in a library or online database.
- Sales and Marketing: ISBNs are critical for the marketing of books. They are included in bibliographic databases and are often required when listing a book for sale on platforms like Amazon. Moreover, ISBNs are used in barcode generation, which is crucial for retail sales.
- Copyright and Legal Purposes: While an ISBN itself doesn't grant copyright, it is often required in legal and regulatory frameworks that govern the publishing industry.
How to Get an ISBN
To obtain an ISBN, publishers and self-publishers must apply to an authorized ISBN agency partner, like ISBN US, in the United States or ISBN agencies in other countries. Once assigned, the ISBN belongs to that specific edition of the book and cannot be reused or transferred to another book.
Self-publishers should be aware that some online platforms offer "free" ISBNs, but these are often tied to the platform, limiting distribution options. Obtaining your own ISBN ensures full control over the publication and distribution of your book.
Conclusion
In summary, the ISBN is an indispensable tool in the world of books. It ensures that every book is easily identifiable, traceable, and accessible, making it a cornerstone of the global publishing industry. Whether you're an author, publisher, bookseller, or reader, understanding the ISBN system is key to navigating the vast world of books.